|
The ''Flying Dutchman'' ((オランダ語:De Vliegende Hollander)) is a legendary ghost ship that can never make port and is doomed to sail the oceans forever. The myth is likely to have originated from 17th-century nautical folklore. The oldest extant version dates to the late 18th century. Sightings in the 19th and 20th centuries reported the ship to be glowing with ghostly light. If hailed by another ship, the crew of the ''Flying Dutchman'' will try to send messages to land, or to people long dead. In ocean lore, the sight of this phantom ship is a portent of doom. ==Origins== The first reference in print to the ship appears in ''Travels in various part of Europe, Asia and Africa during a series of thirty years and upward'' (1790), by John MacDonald : The next literary reference appears in Chapter VI of ''A Voyage to Botany Bay'' (1795) (also known as ''A Voyage to New South Wales''), attributed to George Barrington (1755–1804): The next literary reference, which introduces the motif of punishment for a crime, was in John Leyden (1775–1811): ''Scenes of Infancy'' (Edinburgh, 1803): Thomas Moore (1779–1852) in his poem ''Written on passing Dead-man's Island in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Late in the evening, September, 1804''〔Published in ''Epistles, Odes, and other poems'' (London, 1806)〕 places the vessel in the north Atlantic: "Fast gliding along, a gloomy bark / Her sails are full, though the wind is still, / And there blows not a breath her sails to fill." A footnote adds: "The above lines were suggested by a superstition very common among sailors, who call this ghost-ship, I think, 'the flying Dutch-man'." Sir Walter Scott (1771–1832), a friend of John Leyden's, was the first to refer to the vessel as a pirate ship, writing in the notes to ''Rokeby; a poem'' (first published December 1812) that the ship was "originally a vessel loaded with great wealth, on board of which some horrid act of murder and piracy had been committed" and that the apparition of the ship "is considered by the mariners as the worst of all possible omens." According to some sources, the 17th century Dutch captain Bernard Fokke is the model for the captain of the ghost ship.〔Eyers, Jonathan (2011). ''Don't Shoot the Albatross!: Nautical Myths and Superstitions''. A&C Black, London, UK. ISBN 978-1-4081-3131-2.〕 Fokke was renowned for the speed of his trips from the Netherlands to Java and was suspected of being in league with the Devil. The first version of the legend as a story was printed, in ''Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine'' for May 1821,〔The author has been identified as John Howison (fl. 1821–59) of the East India Company. See Alan Lang Strout: ''A Bibliography of Articles in Blackwood's Magazine 1817–1825'' (1959, p. 78).〕 which puts the scene as the Cape of Good Hope. This story introduces the name Captain Hendrick Van der Decken for the captain and the motifs (elaborated by later writers) of letters addressed to people long dead being offered to other ships for delivery, but if accepted will bring misfortune; and the captain having sworn to round the Cape of Good Hope though it should take until the day of judgment. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Flying Dutchman」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|